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Rule & Order in Greek City-States
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| Date | 16.11.2017 | | Size | 3.57 Kb. |
| Warring City States 750 B.C. - Why it matters now?
- Many political systems in today’s world evolved in Greece.
- What is a Polis?
- The basic political unit (city & countryside)
- Who ruled them?
- Monarchy- King
- Aristocracy- small group of nobles
- Oligarchy- ruled by few powerful men
A New Kind of Army - At first only bronze weapons
- Only rich could afford them
- Steel made weapons cheaper & affordable
- This allowed all citizens to purchase weapons
- Result- The Hoplite Phalanx
- It was the most powerful fighting force in the ancient world
Sparta - Spartans valued –duty , strength, & duty
- “Return Victorious or on your shield”
- It develops a military state
- Conquered Messenians(helots) are their slaves
- Two kings ruled with a council of elders
- Spartan education – Rough life
- Women- Public life- Ran wrestled & played sports
Athens - Athens avoids civil war by developing a democracy
- Solon Reforms the legal system, the assembly , trade, but neglected the peasants
- Cleisthenes reforms the assembly
- He creates the Council of 500(citizens) to balance power against the nobles
- Women –Girly life out of site.
The Persian Wars 490 B.C.- 479 B.C. - Battle of Marathon-10,000 Greeks Vs 25,000 Persian, Phalanx destroys Persians
- 6400 dead Persians to 192 Greeks
- Pheidippides- ran from Marathon to Athens to report the win & not give up the city
- Battle of Thermopylae- Xerxes of Persia brings an enormous invasion force
- 300 Spartans make a stand to allow for a retreat
- Held of the entire army for 3 days before dying
Cont. - Battle of Salamis (Naval Battle)
- Surprise attack by Greeks destroys 1/3 of Xerxes fleet
- He watches in horror from a chair on a cliff
- Battle of Plataea- Final defeat of Xerxes
- This begins the Greece Golden Age
Now - Write an essay- Would you rather be an Athenian or Spartan?
- Why?
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