Formatting - 1” margins
- Times New Roman font
- Double-spaced
- Running head in all caps at top left of every page
- Page number at top right of every page
Essential Parts - Title Page
- Abstract
- Main Body
- References
Title Page - Running head
- Running head: TITLE OR SHORTENED TITLE
- The words “Running head:” only appear on the title page. Subsequent pages will only include the title
- Page number
- Centered on top half of the page:
- Title of Paper
- Name
- Institution Name
Abstract - Running head and page number in header
- “Abstract” centered on first line
- First line of paragraph will not be indented
- 150-250 words, double-spaced
- Brief, comprehensive summary of the paper
- Not an introduction to the paper
- Will not contain citations
Headings - Used to separate sections of the paper and establish information hierarchy
- Use in order, beginning with Level 1
- Level 1
- Centered, Boldface, Uppercase and Lowercase Heading
- Level 2
- Left-aligned, Boldface, Uppercase and Lowercase Heading
Headings - Level 3
- Indented, boldface, lowercase heading with a period.
- Level 4
- Indented, boldface, italicized, lowercase heading with a period.
- Level 5
- Indented, italicized, lowercase heading with a period.
In-Text Citations - Used whenever directly quoting or paraphrasing from another author’s work
- When paraphrasing, use author, date format:
- A citation for a direct quote should also include a page number:
- If no author is given, used a shortened version of the title in the citation
- If the publication date is unknown, use “n.d.” in its place
Block Quotes - Block quotes are 40 words or more.
- The entire quote is indented.
In-Text Citations - For works with two authors, list both and use an ampersand: (Smith & Jones, 2010)
- For works with 3 or more authors, list all in the first citation: (Smith, Jones, & Brown, 2010), in subsequent citations, list the first author and “et al.”: (Smith et al., 2010)
- Classical works such as the Bible are only cited in-text. Include the reference and version used: (1 Cor. 13:1, Revised Standard Version)
References - Include running head and page number
- Center “References” at the top of the page
- Every line after the first line of a reference entry should be indented one-half inch from the margin
- References are listed in alphabetical order by the author’s last name
- Authors are listed last name first, followed by first and middle initials
References - All titles except journal titles have only the first word capitalized
- Always capitalize proper nouns
- Capitalize the first word after a colon
- Article titles do not use quotation marks, underlines, or italics
- Book titles should be italicized
Reference List - Book
- Author, A. A. (Publication Year). Title of work: Subtitle. Location: Publisher.
- Separate multiple authors with commas
- Up to 7 authors
- For more than 7, follow with ellipsis (…), skip to last author, list final author
- Use an ampersand (&) instead of the word “and”
- Article in a periodical
- Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume # (issue #), page #s.
Reference List, cont’d - Article from an online periodical (with DOI)
- The digital object identifier (DOI) is a reference number assigned to online periodical content
- Searchable in online databases (like an ISBN)
- Author, A. A. (Date). Title of article. Title of Online Periodical, volume # (issue #). pp-pp. doi:xx.xxxx
Reference List, cont’d - Article from an online periodical (without DOI)
- Author, A. A. (Date). Title of article. Title of Online Periodical, volume # (issue #). pp-pp. Retrieved from http://www.fullurl.com
- A web site
- Author, A. A. (Date). Title of document. Retrieved from http://www.fullurl.com
- Click “Different First Page”
Formatting Headers - Type your running head
- Tab twice and add your page number 1
Formatting Headers - On page 2, click on the left until your cursor appears there
- Add your title
The Writing Centers - Undergraduate Writing Center
- undergradwriting@liberty.edu
- Graduate Writing Center
- graduatewriting@liberty.edu
- Online Writing Center
- onlinewriting@liberty.edu
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