Dr. Mark Matthews



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Essay Writing

  • Dr. Mark Matthews
  • Student Learning Development
  • http://student-learning.tcd.ie

Discussion (5 mins)

  • How do you go about completing an assignment?
  • When do you start?
  • How do you get from the question to a
  • completed answer?
  • 1 Thing you would like help with today

Writing Stages/Phases

  • Planning
  • Thinking
  • Researching
  • Writing
  • Editing
  • Think
  • Write
  • Plan

Planning the assignment

  • Understand the question
    • Breakdown
    • Verbs
  • Requirements
    • Length, Wording
    • Referencing

Planning time frame

  • List tasks
    • Preliminaries
    • Gathering Information
    • Organising Information
    • Rough outline
    • Draft 1
    • Draft 2
    • References
    • Proofreading
  • Create deadlines
    • _____________
    • _____________
    • _____________
    • _____________
    • _____________
    • _____________
    • _____________
    • _____________
    • _____________
  • ideas
  • planning
  • writing
  • Brainstorm
  • Organise
  • Key message
  • What do you want to say?
  • Structure
  • Communicating
  • your ideas

Thinking

  • Brainstorm
    • Ideas
    • What know
    • Try mindmapping
  • Preliminary reading
  • Refine topic
  • Continues throughout process

Questions?

  • Who are your readers ?
  • Why are they reading?
  • What is your goal?

Structure

  • Introduction
  • Main section
    • Main point A
      • details, evidence
    • Main point B
  • Conclusion
    • summary of main points
    • personal conclusions

Discuss the contribution of nursing models to the development of practice

  • Key Words?
    • Discuss
    • Nursing model
    • Practice
  • Key themes & arguments
    • Define model
    • Arguments
    • Advantages & Disadvantages of using models
  • Key Message:
  • The are well-identified weaknesses with the dominant Nursing model that are overcome by using the new Vygotsky model.
  • Discuss the contribution of nursing models to the development of practice

Outlining – Level 1

  • 1. Nursing and models
  • 2. History of models
  • 3. The Markov Model: Strengths & Weaknesses
  • 4. An alternative: Vygotsky
  • 5. Conclusions

Outlining – Level 2

  • Nursing and models
  • 2. History of models
  • 2.1 The first model
  • 2.2 Development and timeline.
  • 3. The Markov Model: Strengths & Weaknesses
  • 3.1 What is the model
  • 3.2 Strengths
  • 3.3 Weaknesses
  • 4. An alternative: Vygotsky
  • 4.1 What is Vygotsky Model
  • 4.2 How overcomes weaknesses
  • 5. Conclusions

Outlining – Level 3

  • Level 3
  • Nursing and models
    • 1.1 Brief history of Nursing practice
    • Began formally 1790 (Nightingale)
    • Largely disorganised
    • Original mission to heal…
    • 1.2 The purpose of a model
    • Because of disorganisation, model.
    • Argument for a model.
  • 2. History of models
  • 2.1 The first model
  • Johnson 1820
  • 2.2 Development and timeline.
  • Model A
  • Model B
  • 3. The Markov Model: Strengths & Weaknesses
  • 3.1 What is the model
  • Multi-team.
  • 3.2 Strengths
  • 3.3 Weaknesses
  • 4. An alternative: Vygotsky
  • 4.1 What is Vygotsky Model
  • 4.2 How overcomes weaknesses
  • 5. Conclusions

Title: The Hazards of Moviegoing

  • Title: The Hazards of Moviegoing
  •  
  • Introduction
    • Introductory statement
    • Thesis statement: I like watching movies but I prefer watching them at home.
  •  
  • Body
    • First Supporting Idea (Topic Sentence): just getting to the theater presents difficulties
      • bad weather
      • long drive and limited parking space
      • long waiting to buy ticket
    • Second Supporting Idea (Topic Sentence): facing the problems of the theater itself
      • old theater's problems such as smelly carpet, worn-out seat, etc
      • new theater's problems such as smaller size, noise from next movie theater, etc
      • both floors will be rubber-like dirty at the end of the movie
    • Third Supporting Idea (Topic Sentence): Some of the patrons are annoying
      • bad behavior such as running, talking loud, etc
      • human noise and disturbance
  • Conclusion

Introduction Outline (5 mins)

  • 1. Good health v. imp
  • Welfare
  • Economic development
  • Social development
  • 2. WHO’s goal
  • Healthcare for all
  • Balanced with countries able to pay for this
  • 3. This report :
  • What can be done to change health systems to achieve universal coverage
  • Builds on new research and countries experience

The world health report - Health systems financing: the path to

  • The world health report - Health systems financing: the path to
  • universal coverage
  • Good health is essential to human welfare and to sustained economic
  • and social development.
  • WHO's Member States have set themselves the target of developing their health
  • financing systems to ensure that all people can use health services, while being
  • protected against financial hardship associated with paying for them.
  • In this report, the World Health Organization maps out what countries can do to
  • modify their financing systems so they can move more quickly towards this goal;
  • it builds on new research and lessons learnt from country
  • experience.
  • Taken from Executive Summary to WHO report: http://www.who.int/whr/2010/en/index.html

The world health report - Health systems financing: the path to

  • The world health report - Health systems financing: the path to
  • universal coverage
  • Good health is essential to human welfare and to sustained economic
  • and social development. WHO's Member States have set themselves the target
  • of developing their health financing systems to ensure that all people can use
  • health services, while being protected against financial hardship associated with
  • paying for them. In this report, the World Health Organization maps out what
  • countries can do to modify their financing systems so they can move more
  • quickly towards this goal; it builds on new research and lessons learnt from
  • Country experience.
  • Taken from Executive Summary to WHO report: http://www.who.int/whr/2010/en/index.html

Reading & Researching

  • Bring evidence in as witnesses
  • Gather information relevant to topic
  • Keep good notes
    • organise content according to outline
    • choose what to include
  • Keep references
  • Digest and reflect on information

Writing

  • Start writing early
    • extend outline
    • one idea or section at a time
    • get something down!
  • Write first, rough draft
  • Revise & improve draft
  • How many drafts?

Develop your argument

  • Use source material
  • Compare and contrast
  • Show awareness of complexities
  • Show line of reasoning
    • link points
    • central guiding line
  • Your conclusions - based on evidence

References

  • Why?
  • Credit sources of information & ideas
  • Reader can locate for further information if required
  • Demonstrate breadth of reading & knowledge

References

  • When?
    • Direct quotes
    • Paraphrases
    • Statistics/Studies
    • Theories
    • Interpretations
    • Facts

Plagiarism

  • Using someone’s words or ideas and presenting them as your own (Marshall & Rowland, 1998)
  • Inappropriate use of ideas from books, articles, internet, or other students’ work
  • ???

Referencing

  • Harvard referencing system
  • Endnote
  • Library video
  • http://www.tcd.ie/Library/support/referencing.php
  • Cite2Write
  • http://www.cs.qub.ac.uk/emm/10170987/cite2write/

Sample marking criteria

  • Focusing on a topic
  • Structuring an essay
  • Content
  • Formulating arguments
  • Presentation
  • Referencing
  • Evidence of language skills
  • Use of learning resources

Editing

  • Proof read
    • out loud
    • time out
    • peer
  • Write up references
  • Final draft
    • presentation

Submit!

  • Final deadline
  • Checklist
  • Feedback

Student Learning Development

  • Visit our website at: http://student-learning.tcd.ie
  • Email qs to
  • student.learning@tcd.ie
  • Phone us on
  • 01-8961407


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